POLICY IMPLEMENTATION OF N-POWER AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA
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POLICY IMPLEMENTATION OF N-POWER AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the study
N-Power is a youth empowerment program sponsored by the Federal Government of Nigeria. N-Power tackles the problem of youth unemployment by providing a structure for the acquisition and development of large-scale and relevant professional skills, while combining its fundamental results with the repair of inadequate public services and the stimulation of the economy at large. N-Power aspires to provide a platform where most Nigerians can access skills acquisition and development. N-Power is designed for Nigerian citizens aged 18 to 35 years old. Through N-Power modular programs, each participant will learn and practice the essentials of what is needed to find or create a job.
However, Nigeria, a country with an estimated population of 170 million (NBS, 2013), has abundant human and natural resources and a favorable geographic location on the world map. The current global financial crisis has had a negative impact on the macro and micro levels of the Nigerian economy. As at present, the situation poses serious threats and challenges to the government and well-meaning citizens. Nigeria, like most developing countries in the world, faces a host of problems, including youth unemployment and graduates, high rates of poverty, conflict and disease, lack of sincerity, over-dependence foreign products, weak economic growth and development, lack of capacity and skills needed to advance the economy and urbanization. Unemployment has become a major problem for the lives of young Nigerians, causing frustration, discouragement and reliance on family members and friends. The high youth unemployment rate in Nigeria has contributed to the high rate of poverty and insecurity in the country (Ajufo, 2013). According to the National Population Commission (2013), more than half of the Nigerian population is under 30 years of age.
Awogbenle and Iwuamad (2010) observed, from examples of statistics obtained from the National Manpower Board and the Federal Bureau of Statistics, that Nigeria had 80 million young people, representing 60% of the total population of the country. Sixty-four (64) million of them are unemployed and one million six hundred thousand (1.6 million) are underemployed. According to Ossal and Nwalado (2012), the need for entrepreneurship education began to emerge in the mid-1980s, when there was political instability and inconsistency in the socio-economic policies of successive governments, a high unemployment, large-scale dismissal of workers and unemployment early retirement as a result of adjusted structural policies and poor economic trends. Faced with these challenges, the federal government has not encouraged public and private investors to engage in empowerment activities. These situations pose great challenges to the very existence of individuals and to national development. To save these situations, it is necessary to train educated men and women who can function effectively in the society in which they live, in terms of independent and self-employment, which the N-Power program can provide. Based on this premise, the study examined the N-Power program as a genuine youth empowerment tool in Nigeria.
Nigeria faces a number of challenges that can only be addressed if it has innovative, well-educated, and trained citizens who, whatever their age, have the spirit and curiosity to think differently and the courage to meet her and adapt to the challenges they face. At the same time, given the current socio-economic and political position of the country, a thriving economy would require more young people willing and able to be trained; who can successfully launch and develop their own business or social enterprises and who will become innovators in the larger organizations in which they work. It is common for many graduates of Nigerian universities to find it hard to find a job every year. This is partly due to the programs of universities and other higher education institutions, which emphasize training for clerical jobs (Osibanjo, 2006). The socio-economic situation in Nigeria poses serious threats to the government and the well-being of citizens across the country. Unemployment problems also call for different strategies and actions to improve it.
The N-Power program has been adopted by almost all Nigerian youth and its capacity and efficiency in the development of economies are beyond doubt. It is believed that the refocusing of the N-Power program will contribute immensely to the development of the spirit and culture of empowerment in the country. The N-Power program is essential not only to shape the mentality of young people, but also to provide the skills and knowledge essential for development. a culture of empowerment. The N-Power program provides unemployed youth with the motivation, knowledge and skills needed to launch a venture capital firm (Cho, 2017). Developing mentalities, generic attributes and skills that are the foundation of N-Power can be achieved by indoctrination from the beginning; that is, if it is integrated into the national system with the seriousness it deserves. Given that employment is essential to shaping the attitudes, skills and culture of young people, it is essential that the N-Power program be taken into account from the beginning to a level of sustainability. The N-Power program should be accessible to all unemployed, regardless of their main course and choice of studies, in order to strengthen their competitive advantage, not only for students, but also for companies and countries where they are located involved. The relationship between empowerment and development has been established, so that empowerment is now recognized internationally as a key development index. The importance of empowerment can not be overstated; it is a fundamental human right, hence the need to integrate the N-Power program into the system of unemployment reduction. Consistent with the above, this study is discussed under the following heading: Conceptual Framework, Importance of the N-Power Program, and Need for an N-Power Program, Rationale for the N-Power Program and its Achievements, and Problems effective implementation of this program N-Power Program in Nigeria. Finally, the way forward will be highlighted.
1.2 Statement of problem
Analysis of youth unemployment by geographical/settlement location (rural and urban areas) indicates that youth unemployment is mostly in rural areas and rapidly growing: From 2011 to 2017, the share of unemployed youth in rural areas increased from 47.59 percent to 59.95 percent. The population of unemployed youth in rural areas rose from 2.9 million in 2010 to about 5.9 million in 2016. Public policies directed at addressing youth unemployment have faced different challenges including finance, the absence of good administration and implementation, inconsistent policies, unimpressive responses from would-be trainees, and unqualified resource personnel handling the training programs. Programs that were expected to be successful but did not meet those expectations were those created in the 1980s and have not drastically improved in spite of modifications over the years. For example, the National Accelerated Poverty Reduction Program (NAPEP) was too big for its meager budgetary allocation over the years. Many of the available funds for the program went to overhead and administrative costs in offices spread over the entire country, limiting its impact. Similarly, the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) had no openings of its own to engage unemployed youth, providing only vocational training to young school leavers. There have been insufficient funds to provide start-off capital for the youth who complete their training. It against this background that this study intends to examine the impact and possibility of N-Power programme not being unsuccessful.
1.3 Objective of the study
The main objective of this study is to examine the policy implementation of N-power and unemployment in Nigeria
Specific objectives of this study are to:
- Evaluate the value of N-Power programme amongst youth in Nigeria
- To ascertain how well N-Power programme as enhance youth empowerment
- To ascertain the upshot of N-Power programme on the productivity of the youth
- To evaluate how well is N-Power programme implemented in organizations.
1.4 Research question
The following research question was postulated for the successful completion of the studies
- What is the plus point of N-Power programme among youths in Nigeria?
- How does N-Power programme enhance economic growth?
- What is the upshot of N-Power programme on youth productivity?
- How has N-Power programme enhance youth empowerment?
1.5 Significance of the study
It is imperative to know that at the completion of this study the findings will be beneficial to the government (ministry of youth and sport), the potential social welfare in human capital development, and skill acquisition, the academia, youths and the general public.
1.6 Scope and limitation of the study
The scope of this study covers N-Power programme on youth empowerment in Nigeria. However, this study has some limitations, which are:
Finance: finance is a major limitation to the study as resources allocated to the study is limited
Time: time is a major constrain to the research as time allocated to the study is very limited.
Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
