THE IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING AN EFFECTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND DISPOSAL STRATEGY
Introduction
The true cost of waste is not simply the cost of discarded materials – it encompasses inefficient use of raw materials, unnecessary use of energy and water,faulty products, waste disposal of by-products, waste treatment and wasted labour. The actual cost of such waste for Nigeria companies is typically 4 – 5% of turnover, and can be as high as 10% [1] .
In 2004 the Nigeria produced about 335 million tonnes of waste. This includes 220 million tonnes of controlled wastes from households, commerce and
industry (including construction and demolition wastes). Household wastes represent about 9 percent of total waste produced in the Nigeria. Therefore there
is a significant role for businesses to play in reducing the waste that we produce in the Nigeria.
The European Union suggests that every year 2 billion tonnes of waste are produced in the Member States, and this figure is rising steadily. They suggest that the
best solution to this rising mountain of waste is to prevent its initial production, reintroducing it into the product cycle by recycling components where there are ecologically and economically viable methods of doing so. A growing body of national, European and international law now regulates the manner in which wastes are disposed of. These legislative constraints are enforced by social, fiscal and commercial pressures.
This environmental legislation is making the reduction and management of waste streams an important issue even for organisations in the supply chain such as wholesalers and retailers, who merely ‘pass through’ materials that will ultimately become waste. Disposal Strategy
Waste management has become a complex area, legally, technically and commercially. Very few organisations can still rely on the waste collection services provided through local authorities as a complete answer to their waste management obligations. Thus many firms need to identify and contract one or more reputable, licensed, specialist companies for the disposal of their waste, or discharging their legal obligations. A key development in waste management is the focus on preventing the production of waste through waste minimization and the re-use of waste materials through recycling. This links directly to procurement issues, where careful selection of materials, suppliers, process redesign for disassembly and reverse logistics can all reduce the amount of wastes produced or facilitate recycling and re-use. Disposal Strategy
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover Page – – – – – – – – – –
Title Page – – – – – – – – – –
Certification – – – – – – – – – –
Dedication – – – – – – – – – –
Acknowledgement – – – – – – – – –
Abstract – – – – – – – – – –
Table of Content – – – – – – – – –
Chapter One: Introduction
Background of the Study – – – – – –
Statement of the Problem – – – – – –
Objectives of the Study – – – – – – –
Research Questions – – – – – – –
Research Hypotheses – – – – – – –
Significance of the Study – – – – – – –
Scope/ Limitation of the Study – – – – – –
Definition of Terms – – – – – – –
Chapter Two: Review of Related Literature
2.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – –
2.2 Conceptual Framework – – – – – – –
2.3 Theoretical Framework – – – – – – –
2.4 Empirical Review – – – – – – – –
Chapter Three: Research Methodology
.1 Introduction – – – – – – – –
3.1 Research Design – – – – – – – –
3.3 Area of the Study – – – – – – – –
3.4 Population of the Study – – – – – – –
3.5 Sample Size and Sampling Techniques – – – –
3.6 Instrumentation – – – – – – – –
3.7 Validation of the Instrument – – – – – –
3.8 Administration of the Instrument – – – – –
3.9 Method of Data Analysis – – – – – – –
Chapter Four: Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
4.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – –
4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data – – – – –
4.3 Testing of Hypotheses – – – – – – –
4.4 Discussion of Findings – – – – – – –
Chapter Five: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – –
5.2 Summary – – – – – – – – –
5.3 Conclusion – – – – – – – – –