AN ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF HOME VIDEO MOVIES ON THE STUDENTS IN NIGERIA
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CHAPTER ONE
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.1 Introduction
Movies are a term that encompasses individual motion picture, the field of movies as an art form, and the motion picture industry. Movies are produced by recording images with cameras, or by creating image using animation or special effects. Movies are cultural artifacts created by special cultures which reflect those cultures, and in turn affects them. Movie is entertainment, and a powerful method for educating or indoctrinating citizens. The visual elements of cinema give motion pictures a universal power of communication. Traditional movies are made up of a series of individual images called frames. When these images are shown rapidly in succession, a viewer has the illusion that motion is occurring.
In Nigeria, the cinema is a developing industry that has become increasingly productive in recent years. Although Nigerian movies have been produced since 1960s, the rise of digital cinema has resulted in growing video movie industry. The Nigeria video feature movie industry is sometimes known as Nollywood. Unlike recent productions, early African movies presented true life situation and environment. It didn’t employ the special effect since there were computers to aid the technology.
In pre-colonial Nigeria, the village folktale and festivals provided enough entertainments. The grandparents used to put out mats and bamboo seats outside and tell stories whenever the moon hit in the sky. The story teller started to die when the colonial maters brought the cinema. This marked the advent and development of movie in Nigeria. The colonial maters cinema presented movie of the western colonies and colonial rule, and were initially presented in the English Language. The colonial cinema was not good enough for the Nigerian people because it presented only what would interest the colonial society. The cinema was also used as a medium through which the information was disseminated. There was also cinema for instructions and documents. The colonial movie unit on its establishment in 1939 by the ministry of information became not a medium for further informing and educating the colonies, rather it was for furtherance of British defense and war strategies in the ongoing world war 11. It was used as a medium of spreading war propaganda in the colonies in aid of the British was effort. The propaganda movie went on until after the war when the central offices of information (COI) replace the ministry of information (MOI). Therefore the colonial movie unit became a unit or department of the central office of information between 1945 and 1950, the British colonial movie unit established about twelve movies producing units in Africa including a movie training school.
This development could not blind the African movie scholars as they saw the colonial movie unit instructional movie could not be separated or distinguished from propaganda against the black race. The cinema continued in Nigeria but on a different pedestal and under the supervision of a different body. The distribution system continued to be largely closed to indigenous movie masters, supplying American, Indian and Chinese movies. This was in 1970s when the Nigeria feature production began. But Nigerian Students still watch those movies meant for adults because their parents unwillingly make those movies available at home. It is therefore in view of this that this study focuses on the influence of home video on the students.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
It could be wrong to say that Nigeria home movie industry in running smoothly without any problem. The industry is faced with problems despite its prospect. Indiscriminate movie production may not necessarily be a problem to the industry, rather a competition between the private movie makers. Productions are not only rushed to meet up with competition, but there is also a problem of lack of qualitative script writing in many of the movie they produce.
The increase in the number of cults in higher institution even permeating the secondary school level is alarming. Violence has been the order of the day in Nigerian citadel of learning, of this anti-social behaviour like cultism, prostitution, crime, etc among secondary school student. There are popular aphorisms which posit that there is no smoke without fire: as a result, the following become pertinent. How do Nigeria video movie influence the students of Rivers State Polytechnic.
1.3 Objective of the Study
The objectives of carrying out this study are as follows:
1. to determine how Nigerian home video movies influence the students of Rivers State Polytechnic
2. to find out the relationship between viewing of home video movies by the students of Rivers State Polytechnic and their involvement in anti-social behaviour
3. to find out if home video movies can help in curbing social ills in our society
4. to find out whether the home video movies have positive values for the youth, especially of Rivers State Polytechnic student
1.4 Research Questions/Hypotheses
This study attempts to answer the following questions
1. how do Nigerian Home Video Movies influence the students of Rivers State Polytechnic
2. is there any relationship between viewing of the home video movies by Rivers State Polytechnic Student and their involvement in anti – social behaviour?
3. do video movies produced in Nigeria have positive values for the students and youths especially Higher Institution students?
1.5 Significance of the Study
This study dwells more on the important of qualitative home video production and the Influence of immoral once on the adult audience. This study will be an indispensable contribution to knowledge by making positive inputs in developing literature on movie production and presentation. Apart from being an indispensable contribution to knowledge, it is important because it will expose the problem.
1.6 Limitation of the Study
This work is limited to the Nigerian movie industry, with particular reference to the adult audience (student). Lack of finance and transportation problems acted as a barrier in the course of carrying out the research. The Lecturer and Rector of their schools constituted a major problem (time wastage) in terms of delaying the researcher in the course of issuing out questionnaires to the students due to the fact that they wanted to ascertain the authenticity of my identify as a university of Etinan student and the purpose of the research.
1.7 Delimitation of the Study
This study centres on Nigeria home video or movies industry home video or movies industry as well as its effect or influence on adult. This study will not only observe the trend in the different movies produced in Nigeria but will further give a critical appraisal of the Nigeria movies industry, its concept, its production and general presentation. This study will also appraise studies on the influence of movies on adult in other countries. The numbers of higher institutions utilized in this study are four departments in Rivers State Polytechnic.
1.9 Definitions of Terms
Adult: The term refers to the offspring or group of people distinct from the adult that must be protected in a family and society in general. It also refers to a Man or woman varying in age and behaviour free from adult responsibilities, i.e. between the age of eighteen and above.
Psychology: This refers to a study of human behaviour, conscience, mental and emotional process in relations to physical activities of the body. In this research, it refers to the reaction of the human mind in relation to visual or physical perception or activities around its environment with particular reference to student
Audience: For this research, audience means anyone (student who is exposed to any image shown on the screen.
Home Video: Movies watched at home mainly for entertainment and education.
